阀门（valve）是流体输送系统中的控制部件，具有截止、调节、导流、防止逆流、稳压、分流或溢流泄压等功能。

　　A valve is a control component in a fluid delivery system, which has functions such as shut-off, regulation, diversion, prevention of backflow, stabilization, diversion, or overflow pressure relief.

　　一般来说，阀门基本都为顺时针关逆时针开，或者叫左开右关。先普及一下阀门开关知识：因为大多数人习惯使用右手,使用右手操作时顺时针拧比逆时针拧会更容易,因此无论从节能还是安全方面考虑开关逆时针为开，顺时针为关相对更合理。

　　Generally speaking, valves are closed clockwise and opened counterclockwise, or left open and right closed. Let's first popularize the knowledge of valve switches: because most people are accustomed to using their right hand, it is easier to turn clockwise than counterclockwise when operating with their right hand. Therefore, whether from the perspective of energy saving or safety, it is more reasonable to turn the switch counterclockwise to open and clockwise to close.

　　此外，我国阀门材料中用的螺杆大部分都是右旋的，这样加工方便。

　　In addition, most of the screws used in valve materials in China are right-handed, which makes processing convenient.

　　像带有手轮的，上面就会有方向箭头或者O→S标识（O是开、S是关）。

　　Like those with a handwheel, there will be directional arrows or O → S markings on them (O is on, S is off).

　　看到这，大家可能笑了，阀门开关还用教吗？? 您还别笑，还真有开关错误的，往往最简单的事情也往往会最容易出错。

　　Seeing this, everyone may laugh. Do we still need to teach valve switches?? Don't laugh, there are indeed switch errors, and even the simplest things are often the easiest to make mistakes.

　　阀门都是顺时针关吗？

　　Are all valves closed in a clockwise manner?

　　还真有例外的情况！比如氧气瓶、氢气瓶、氮气瓶等的减压阀就是顺时针开，逆时针关。高压氧气瓶口角阀顺时针打开逆时针关；高压氧气瓶出口减压阀顺时针压力增大，逆时针压力减小（关）。翻体的出气口背面，装有安全装置。断使用氧气时，将手轮逆时针方向漩转，是开启氧气阀门。旋转手轮时，淤杆也随之转动，再通过开关片使活豹一起转动，造成活门向上或向下移知。活门向上移动，开启瓶内的取气从出气口喷出。活门向下压紧时，由于活门内嵌有用尼龙材料制成的气门垫，因此可以使活门密闭。瓶阀活门上下移动的范围为1. 5-3mm。工作原理氧气吸入器由压力表、减压阀和安全阀、流量计、流量控制阀、潮化瓶几部分构成 。高压氧气通过减压阀减压，由原来的高压氧气变为低压氧气，再经流量计进入潮化瓶，潮化处理后按恒定流量值由低压氧输出口输出，供病人进行氧气吸入，流量值大小通过流量控制器进行调节。

　　There are really exceptions! For example, the pressure reducing valves of oxygen cylinders, hydrogen cylinders, nitrogen cylinders, etc. open clockwise and close counterclockwise. Open the angle valve of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder clockwise and close it counterclockwise; The pressure reducing valve at the outlet of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder increases clockwise and decreases counterclockwise (closes). The back of the air outlet of the flipping body is equipped with a safety device. When using oxygen, turn the handwheel counterclockwise to open the oxygen valve. When the handwheel is rotated, the sludge rod also rotates, and then the live leopard rotates together through the switch plate, causing the valve to move up or down. The valve moves upward, opening the bottle to extract air and spray it out from the outlet. When the valve is pressed downwards, the valve gasket made of nylon material embedded in the valve can make the valve sealed. The range of up and down movement of the bottle valve valve is 1 5-3mm. The working principle of an oxygen inhaler consists of a pressure gauge, a pressure reducing valve, a safety valve, a flow meter, a flow control valve, and a humidification bottle. High pressure oxygen is reduced by a pressure reducing valve, transforming from high-pressure oxygen to low-pressure oxygen. It then enters the humidification bottle through a flow meter and undergoes humidification treatment. After humidification, it is output from the low-pressure oxygen output port at a constant flow rate for patients to inhale oxygen. The flow rate is adjusted by a flow controller.

　　再比如有些滑阀、蝶阀等特殊类阀门由于安装位置等原因，存在顺时针为开，逆时针为关的情况。特殊阀门一般都是反的，这个在开关时候需要注意。由于安装位置不当，操作人员必须注意这些细节问题。细节决定成败，大意不得。一般特殊类阀门都会在明显位置标注上开关方向，有的地方还在特殊阀门处贴了相关的操作规程，防止误操作。

　　For example, some special types of valves such as slide valves and butterfly valves may have clockwise opening and counterclockwise closing due to installation location and other reasons. Special valves are usually reversed, which needs to be noted when opening and closing. Due to improper installation location, operators must pay attention to these details. Details determine success or failure, and carelessness is not allowed. Generally, special valves are marked with the direction of the switch in a prominent position, and in some places, relevant operating procedures are also posted at the location of the special valve to prevent accidental operation.

　　事故案例--阀门越关，温度越涨，太吓人了！

　　Accident case - The closer the valve is closed, the higher the temperature rises, it's too scary!

　　在一次夜班凌晨2点催化开工两器升温的时候，汽（液化气）火已改为油（燃料油）火，主控室内操一看两器温度往上涨，就用对讲机喊外面的操作人员关火。

　　At 2am during a night shift, when the catalytic converter started heating up two units, the gas (liquefied gas) fire had been changed to oil (fuel oil) fire. When the operator in the main control room saw that the temperature of the two units was rising, he used the intercom to call the operators outside to turn off the fire.

　　控制油火的阀门是一针型阀（稍动一点，温度就变化很快），阀柄是朝下的。

　　The valve for controlling oil and fire is a one needle valve (with a slight movement, the temperature changes quickly), and the valve handle is facing downwards.

　　外操顺时针关了一点点，后就问内操情况。内操说还在涨，而且涨的很快，外面就继续关阀。

　　The external exercise turned off slightly clockwise, and then asked about the internal exercise situation. The internal operation said that it is still rising, and it is rising rapidly, so the valve will continue to close outside.

　　结果温度一直涨到1000度，再往上仪表都超过量程，趋势不显示了。

　　As a result, the temperature kept rising to 1000 degrees, and the instrument exceeded the range even further, and the trend did not show.

　　班长从操作时出来，逆时针关小了阀门!温度在仪表趋势上才开始显示下降......

　　The class monitor came out from the operation and closed the valve counterclockwise! The temperature only starts to show a decrease on the instrument trend .....

　　事后再生器打开人孔，发现主风分布管已给烧塌了。

　　Afterwards, the regenerator opened the manhole and found that the main air distribution pipe had been burnt down.

　　往往最简单的事情也往往也最容易出错，事故初步判断是人员把阀门开关错误，特别是当时阀门的阀柄是朝下的，操作人员夜间头脑不清晰，加上慌张，开错了阀门。

　　The simplest things are often the easiest to make mistakes. The initial judgment of the accident is that the personnel opened and closed the valve incorrectly, especially when the valve handle was facing downwards. The operator's mind was unclear at night, coupled with panic, and the wrong valve was opened.

　　其实这仅仅是阀门倒着安装，自己慌乱中没有意识到开关方向的转变而已。

　　In fact, this is just installing the valve upside down, without realizing the change in the direction of the switch in my panic.

　　但是真的有阀门的开关方向是“顺时针为开，逆时针为关”

　　But there are really valves with a switch direction of "clockwise for open, counterclockwise for closed"

　　有些特殊阀门由于很关键需要“顺时针为开，逆时针为关”

　　Some special valves require "clockwise to open, counterclockwise to close" due to their critical nature

　　3FCCtaofeng:常规阀门以顺时针关，逆时针开最为常见。催化装置常见的滑阀、蝶阀等特阀由于安装位置的原因，存在顺时针开，逆时针关的设置。

　　3FCCtaofeng: Conventional valves are most commonly closed clockwise and opened counterclockwise. Due to the installation position, common special valves such as slide valves and butterfly valves in catalytic devices are set to open clockwise and close counterclockwise.

　　炼油工人:我们装置气压机入口放火炬阀的现场手轮就是反向的，顺时针开，逆时针关。

　　Refiner worker: The on-site handwheel for the flare valve at the inlet of our pneumatic compressor is reversed, opening clockwise and counterclockwise

　Close it.

　　sdwfsgyykai:石化常规阀的开关都是“顺时针关、逆时针开”的也算是行业的通用准则把

　　Sdwfsgyykai: The switch of conventional valves in petrochemicals is "clockwise needle closed, counterclockwise open", which is also a common industry standard

　　冰封雪上:说起阀门开关 记得在刚进入行业的时候和同事一起去一个催化装置学习。当时他们的主操让去关闭预热锅炉汽包补水阀，因为阀门漏量，汽包水位上升，我们一起学习的同事二话没说就去现场把除氧器补水阀给关了，然后除氧器液位下降，而汽包液位还在上升，主操发现估计是关错阀门了现场一看确实是关错。

　　Ice covered Snow: When it comes to valve switches, remember going to a catalytic device with colleagues to learn when we first entered the industry. At that time, their main operator asked to close the preheating boiler steam drum water replenishment valve. Due to valve leakage, the water level in the steam drum rose. Without hesitation, our colleagues who were studying together went to the site to close the deaerator water replenishment valve. Then the deaerator liquid level decreased while the steam drum liquid level continued to rise. The main operator found that it was probably the wrong valve to close, and upon inspection, it was indeed the wrong one.

　　这个还是小事，如果是重要的阀门，本来要开，弄反了有可能就会造成停工的，所以一般新手，最好是弄明白了在干，干之前最好多想想。

　　This is still a small matter. If it is an important valve that was supposed to be opened, reversing it may cause a shutdown. Therefore, for beginners, it is best to understand before starting and think carefully before starting.

　　特殊阀门如何特殊对待呢?

　　How should special valves be treated differently?

　　liaifeng:特殊阀门一般都是反的，这个在开关时候需要注意!由于安装位置不当，操作人员也必须注意这些细节问题。细节决定成败，石化行业大意不得!我们装置一般都要在特阀上用记号笔在明显位置标注上开关方向。我们这里还在特殊阀门处贴了相关的操作规程，防止误操作!

　　Lianfeng: Special valves are usually reversed, which needs to be noted when opening and closing! Due to improper installation location, operators must also pay attention to these details. Details determine success or failure, and the petrochemical industry must not be careless! Our device usually needs to use a marker pen to mark the switch direction in a prominent position on the special valve. We have also posted relevant operating procedures at the special valve to prevent accidental operation!

　　yuzp000:普通阀门需要日常的保养维护，这样不管是顺时针还是逆时针开关，都不需要F扳手开关，操作工很省力的，当然最关键的保证安全是将阀门全部编上编号，这样按照编号进行操作就更不会出现问题(例如改流程从1.2.3.4.5.6,在退回来6.5.4.3.2.1，这样的操作绝对不会出问题)。

　　YuzP000: Ordinary valves require daily maintenance and upkeep, so whether it is clockwise or counterclockwise opening and closing, there is no need for an F-wrench switch. The operator is very labor-saving, and of course, the most important thing to ensure safety is to label all valves with numbers. This way, operating according to the numbers will not cause problems (for example, changing the process from 1.2.3.4.5.6 to 6.5.4.3.2.1, this operation will definitely not have any problems).

　　特阀我们这边都是有特定的操作规程和操作记录的，操作的时候车间如果去不了现场，一般都是车间大班长或者技术人员到现场指导和监督，防止出现问题。

　　We have specific operating procedures and records for special valves here. If the workshop cannot go to the site during operation, it is usually the workshop leader or technical personnel who come to the site to guide and supervise to prevent problems.

　　LQ198619:类似事情有很多，越是简单的事情,越容易掉以轻心.

　　LQ198619: There are many similar things, and the simpler the thing, the easier it is to take it lightly

　　所以，化工厂里需要谨小慎微，不要阴沟里翻船哦!

　　So, in chemical plants, we need to be cautious and not capsize in the sewer!