旋塞阀是启闭件(塞子)由阀杆带动，并绕阀杆的轴线做旋转运动的阀门。旋塞阀是最早被人们用来截流的阀类。通过旋转90°使旋塞上的通道口与阀体上的通道口接通或断开来完成阀的开启和关闭。

　　A plug valve is a valve whose opening and closing member (plug) is driven by the valve stem and rotates around the axis of the valve stem. Plug valves were the earliest valves used by people to intercept water. By rotating 90 ° to connect or disconnect the channel port on the plug with the channel port on the valve body, the valve is opened and closed.

　　旋塞阀最适宜作为截断介质以及分流使用。但依据使用的性质与密封面耐冲蚀性，通过特殊的结构设计以及改变旋塞的通道形状，可以用于节流工况。由于旋塞阀密封面之间运动带有擦拭作用，且在全启动时可完全防止与流动介质的接触，故通常也能够用于带悬浮颗粒的介质。旋塞阀优点：①结构简单，零件少，体积小、重量轻。②流体阻力小，介质流经旋塞阀时，流体通道可以不缩小，也不改变流向，因而流体阻力小。③启闭迅速，介质流动方向不受限制。只需旋转90旋塞即可完成启闭，十分方便。

　　Plug valves are most suitable for cutting off media and diverting flow. However, based on the nature of use and the erosion resistance of the sealing surface, it can be used for throttling conditions through special structural design and changing the channel shape of the plug. Due to the wiping effect of the movement between the sealing surfaces of the plug valve and the complete prevention of contact with the flowing medium during full start-up, it can usually also be used for media with suspended particles. Advantages of plug valves: ① Simple structure, few parts, small volume, and light weight. ② The fluid resistance is small, and when the medium flows through the plug valve, the fluid channel can remain unchanged without narrowing or changing direction, resulting in low fluid resistance. ③ Quick opening and closing, unrestricted flow direction of the medium. Simply rotate the 90 degree plug to complete the opening and closing process, which is very convenient.

　　旋塞阀缺点：①启闭力矩大。旋塞阀阀体和旋塞之间，其接触密封面较大，所以启闭力矩较大。如采用有润滑的结构，或在启闭时能先提升旋塞，则可大大地减小启闭力矩。② 密封面为锥面，密封面较大，易磨损;高温下易产生变形而被卡住。③锥面研磨加工要求较高，难以保证密封，且不易维修。旋塞阀结构：旋塞阀的结构简单，主要由阀体、旋塞和填料压盖等部件组成。简单的旋塞阀连填料压盖和填料也没有，仅有阀体和旋塞。

　　Disadvantages of plug valves: ① Large opening and closing torque. The contact sealing surface between the valve body and the plug is relatively large, so the opening and closing torque is relatively large. If a lubricated structure is used, or if the plug can be raised first during opening and closing, the opening and closing torque can be greatly reduced. ② The sealing surface is a conical surface, which is relatively large and prone to wear and tear; It is easy to deform and get stuck at high temperatures. ③ The requirements for cone grinding processing are high, making it difficult to ensure sealing and maintenance. Plug valve structure: The structure of a plug valve is simple, mainly composed of components such as valve body, plug, and packing cover. A simple plug valve does not have a packing gland or packing, only a valve body and plug.

　　(1)阀体旋塞阀的阀体有直通式、三通式和四通式等形式。直通式旋塞阀用于截断介质，阀体有成一直线的进、出口通道。三通和四通旋塞阀用于改变介质流动方向或进行介质分配。旋塞阀的阀体都是铸造而成的。三通式旋塞阀的旋塞通道为L形或T形。

　　(1) The valve body of a valve plug valve comes in various forms such as straight through, three-way, and four-way. A straight through plug valve is used to cut off media, and the valve body has straight inlet and outlet channels. Three way and four-way plug valves are used to change the direction of medium flow or distribute medium. The valve bodies of plug valves are all cast. The plug channel of the three-way plug valve is L-shaped or T-shaped.

　　(2)旋塞旋塞是旋塞阀的启闭件，呈圆柱形或圆锥形。圆柱形旋塞其通道截面呈矩形或圆形，圆锥形旋塞其通道截面呈矩形、梯形或圆形。这些形状使得旋塞阀的结构变得紧凑和轻巧，但却造成一定的压降。如果将旋塞的通道的形状适当变换，旋塞阀可以作为流量调节阀使用，能够得到很好的调节精度。

　　(2) A plug valve is the opening and closing component of a plug valve, which is cylindrical or conical in shape. The cylindrical plug has a rectangular or circular channel cross-section, while the conical plug has a rectangular, trapezoidal, or circular channel cross-section. These shapes make the structure of the plug valve compact and lightweight, but they cause a certain pressure drop. If the shape of the channel of the plug valve is appropriately changed, the plug valve can be used as a flow control valve, which can achieve good adjustment accuracy.

　　旋塞阀的旋塞可以与阀杆是一体的，旋塞顶部加工出方头，套上扳手即可进行启闭。旋塞与阀体的密封面必须紧密接触，才能达到密封的目的。因而对阀体与旋塞密封面的几何尺寸加工精度要求很高，表面粗糙度等级要求也很高，这样才能配合得很好。对于锥形旋塞阀而言，为保证密封，必须沿旋塞轴线方向施加作用力，使旋塞压紧在阀体上，从而在阀体密封面间形成一定的密封比压，实现密封。

　　The plug of the plug valve can be integrated with the valve stem, and a square head is machined on the top of the plug, which can be opened and closed with a wrench. The sealing surface of the plug and valve body must be in close contact to achieve the purpose of sealing. Therefore, high precision is required for the geometric dimensions and surface roughness level of the valve body and plug sealing surface, in order to achieve a good fit. For conical plug valves, in order to ensure sealing, a force must be applied along the axis of the plug to press the plug against the valve body, thereby forming a certain sealing pressure between the sealing surfaces of the valve body and achieving sealing.

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