船用阀门作为船舶流体控制的关键部件，其性能直接关系航行安全与系统稳定。一系列严格测试标准，从材料、压力、操作等维度，确保阀门能在复杂海洋环境中可靠运行。

　　As a key component of ship fluid control, the performance of marine valves directly affects navigation safety and system stability. A series of strict testing standards ensure that valves can operate reliably in complex marine environments from dimensions such as materials, pressure, and operation.

　　材料性能测试是质量根基。海洋高盐雾、高湿度环境对阀门材料要求严苛。金属材质需进行化学成分分析，保证合金元素达标，同时通过盐雾试验，将试件置于盐雾箱中持续数十小时，观察表面是否锈蚀。非金属材料则要经过高温、紫外线等老化测试，防止密封件等部件因老化失效。

　　Material performance testing is the foundation of quality. The high salt spray and high humidity environment in the ocean have strict requirements for valve materials. The metal material needs to undergo chemical composition analysis to ensure that the alloy elements meet the standards. At the same time, the test piece should be placed in a salt spray box for several tens of hours through salt spray testing to observe whether the surface is corroded. Non metallic materials need to undergo aging tests such as high temperature and ultraviolet radiation to prevent sealing components from failing due to aging.

　　压力与密封性能测试是核心指标。强度测试时，阀门需承受 1.5 倍额定压力，持续 5 - 10 分钟，检查壳体是否变形泄漏。密封测试则模拟正常工况，在额定压力下检测关闭状态的泄漏量，部分截断阀要求近乎零泄漏，避免介质外泄引发事故。

　　Pressure and sealing performance testing are core indicators. During the strength test, the valve needs to withstand 1.5 times the rated pressure for 5-10 minutes, and check whether the shell is deformed or leaking. The sealing test simulates normal working conditions and detects the leakage in the closed state at rated pressure. Some cut-off valves require almost zero leakage to avoid accidents caused by medium leakage.

　　操作与耐久性测试验证长期可靠性。手动阀门操作力矩需符合标准，电动、液动阀门要测试驱动响应。耐久性测试通过数千次启闭循环，检查密封面与传动部件磨损，确保阀门在船舶服役期内稳定工作。

　　Operation and durability testing verify long-term reliability. The operating torque of manual valves should meet the standards, and the driving response of electric and hydraulic valves should be tested. The durability test passes thousands of opening and closing cycles to check the wear of the sealing surface and transmission components, ensuring the stable operation of the valve during the ship's service life.

　　功能与环境适应性测试考量实际应用。安全阀要校准起跳和回座压力，止回阀需验证单向流通；同时，阀门要经受高低温、振动等模拟测试，确保在 - 40℃至 80℃极端温度及船舶振动环境下正常运作。

　　Functional and environmental adaptability testing considers practical applications. The safety valve needs to calibrate the take-off and reseating pressure, and the check valve needs to verify one-way flow; At the same time, the valve must undergo simulation tests such as high and low temperatures, vibration, etc. to ensure normal operation in extreme temperatures ranging from -40 ℃ to 80 ℃ and ship vibration environments.

　　这些测试标准构成严密质量体系，保障船用阀门性能可靠，为船舶安全航行、系统稳定及船员安全筑牢防线。

　　These testing standards constitute a rigorous quality system, ensuring the reliable performance of marine valves and building a solid defense line for safe navigation, system stability, and crew safety of ships.

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