在工业管道与民用供水系统中，阀门如同控制水流的 “开关卫士”，而锈蚀是威胁其寿命的隐患。从潮湿的地下室到露天的管道井，阀门一旦被锈迹侵蚀，不仅会出现开关卡顿、密封失效，严重时还会导致管道漏水甚至爆裂。做好防锈处理，需要从表面清理、涂层防护到日常维护多管齐下，为阀门筑起一道密不透风的 “防腐屏障”。

　　In industrial pipelines and civilian water supply systems, valves are like "switch guards" that control water flow, and corrosion is a hidden danger that threatens their lifespan. From damp basements to open-air pipeline wells, once valves are corroded by rust, not only will there be switch jamming and seal failure, but in severe cases, it can also cause pipeline leakage or even bursting. To do a good job of rust prevention, it is necessary to take multiple measures from surface cleaning, coating protection to daily maintenance to build a tight and airtight "anti-corrosion barrier" for the valve.

　　阀门防锈的第一步是彻底的表面清理，这如同给阀门 “洗去污垢”，让防锈材料能紧密附着。对于新出厂的阀门，需用钢丝刷或砂纸打磨掉表面的氧化皮、毛刺和油污，尤其要注意阀杆螺纹、法兰密封面等缝隙处，这些地方容易藏污纳垢成为锈蚀起点。若阀门已出现轻微锈迹，可用柠檬酸溶液（浓度 5%-10%）浸泡 20-30 分钟，利用酸性物质软化锈层，再用尼龙刷轻轻刷洗，避免用硬质工具刮伤金属表面。清理完毕后，要用清水冲洗残留的清洁剂，并用压缩空气吹干或自然晾干，确保表面水分含量低于 5%，否则水分会在涂层下形成气泡，反而加速锈蚀。

　　The first step in rust prevention for valves is a thorough surface cleaning, which is like "washing away dirt" from the valve, allowing the rust prevention material to adhere tightly. For newly manufactured valves, it is necessary to use a wire brush or sandpaper to polish off the surface oxide scale, burrs, and oil stains, especially paying attention to the gaps such as valve stem threads and flange sealing surfaces, which are prone to accumulate dirt and become the starting point of corrosion. If there is slight rust on the valve, soak it in citric acid solution (concentration 5% -10%) for 20-30 minutes, soften the rust layer with acidic substances, and then gently brush it with a nylon brush to avoid scratching the metal surface with hard tools. After cleaning, rinse the remaining cleaning agent with clean water and dry it with compressed air or let it air dry naturally to ensure that the surface moisture content is below 5%. Otherwise, moisture will form bubbles under the coating, which will accelerate corrosion.

　　表面清理后，涂层防护是防锈的核心环节，不同材质的阀门需搭配不同的 “防腐外衣”。铸铁或碳钢阀门适合涂覆环氧底漆，这种涂料附着力强（拉开法附着力≥5MPa），能隔绝空气和水分，干燥后再刷一层氯化橡胶面漆，其耐候性（人工加速老化 1000 小时无开裂）适合户外阀门使用，整体涂层厚度控制在 80-120μm 为宜。不锈钢阀门虽本身耐腐蚀，但焊接处和螺纹部分仍需防护，可涂抹硅基润滑脂（滴点≥180℃），既隔绝湿气又不影响开关操作。铜制阀门则适合用清漆或蜡质涂层，这类材料不会与铜发生化学反应，还能保持阀门表面的金属光泽，施工时需注意均匀涂刷，避免漏涂形成 “防锈死角”。

　　After surface cleaning, coating protection is the core link of rust prevention, and valves of different materials need to be equipped with different "anti-corrosion coatings". Cast iron or carbon steel valves are suitable for coating with epoxy primer, which has strong adhesion (pull-out adhesion ≥ 5MPa) and can isolate air and moisture. After drying, apply a layer of chlorinated rubber topcoat, which has weather resistance (no cracking after 1000 hours of artificial accelerated aging) and is suitable for outdoor valve use. The overall coating thickness should be controlled at 80-120 μ m. Although stainless steel valves are inherently corrosion-resistant, the welding and threaded parts still require protection. Silicon based grease (drip point ≥ 180 ℃) can be applied to isolate moisture and not affect switch operation. Copper valves are suitable for use with clear varnish or wax coating. These materials will not react chemically with copper and can maintain the metallic luster of the valve surface. During construction, attention should be paid to uniform coating to avoid missed coating and the formation of "rust prevention dead corners".

　　对于长期浸泡在水中的阀门（如水泵出口阀），除了外部涂层，内部防锈同样关键。可在阀门内腔注入少量机械油（粘度等级 32-46），通过开关阀门让油膜均匀覆盖内壁，形成隔绝水与金属的保护层。阀杆与阀盖的间隙处，需定期加注石墨润滑脂，其固体颗粒能填充缝隙，既减少摩擦磨损，又阻止水分渗入，每次加注量以覆盖螺纹表面为宜，过多反而会吸附灰尘形成油泥。对于法兰连接的阀门，安装时要在垫片两侧涂抹密封胶（耐温范围 - 20℃~150℃），固化后形成弹性密封层，防止雨水从法兰间隙侵入。

　　For valves that have been immersed in water for a long time (such as water pump outlet valves), in addition to external coating, internal rust prevention is also crucial. A small amount of mechanical oil (viscosity grade 32-46) can be injected into the valve cavity, and the oil film can be evenly covered on the inner wall by opening and closing the valve, forming a protective layer that isolates water and metal. The gap between the valve stem and the valve cover needs to be regularly filled with graphite grease, whose solid particles can fill the gap, reducing friction and wear while preventing moisture from seeping in. The amount of grease added each time should cover the threaded surface, as too much may adsorb dust and form oil sludge. For valves with flange connections, sealant (temperature resistance range -20 ℃~150 ℃) should be applied on both sides of the gasket during installation. After curing, an elastic sealing layer should be formed to prevent rainwater from entering the flange gap.

　　户外或潮湿环境中的阀门，还需额外的 “物理防护” 来增强防锈效果。露天安装的阀门可加装防雨罩（材质选用玻璃钢或 PVC），罩体底部预留排水孔，避免积水浸泡阀门；埋地阀门则要设置混凝土井室，井室内放置硅胶干燥剂（每立方米空间放 500g），降低空气湿度至 60% 以下。部分易锈部位（如手轮轴、阀杆螺母）可采用热浸镀锌处理，锌层厚度≥85μm，利用锌的牺牲阳极作用，即使涂层局部破损，锌也会优先被腐蚀，保护底层金属不生锈。对于精度较高的调节阀，可在表面镀一层铬（厚度 5-10μm），既耐磨又防锈，同时保持阀杆的光滑度，确保调节功能灵敏。

　　Valves in outdoor or humid environments require additional 'physical protection' to enhance their rust prevention effect. Valves installed outdoors can be equipped with rain covers (made of fiberglass or PVC), with drainage holes reserved at the bottom of the cover to prevent water from soaking the valve; For buried valves, a concrete well chamber should be set up, in which silica gel desiccant (500g per cubic meter of space) should be placed to reduce air humidity to below 60%. Parts that are prone to rust, such as the handwheel and valve stem nuts, can be hot-dip galvanized with a zinc layer thickness of ≥ 85 μ m. By utilizing the sacrificial anode effect of zinc, even if the coating is locally damaged, zinc will be preferentially corroded to protect the underlying metal from rusting. For high-precision regulating valves, a layer of chromium (thickness 5-10 μ m) can be plated on the surface, which is both wear-resistant and rust proof, while maintaining the smoothness of the valve stem to ensure sensitive regulating function.

　　本文由 良工阀门 友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  http://www.jnlgvf.com   真诚的态度.为您提供为全面的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from Lianggong Valve For more related knowledge, please click http://www.jnlgvf.com Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.