01结构上

01 Structurally speaking

安装空间有限的情况下选型要注意：

When selecting equipment with limited installation space, attention should be paid to:

闸阀可依靠介质压力紧紧与密封面紧闭，从而达到不泄露的效果。当启闭时阀芯和阀座密封面始终接触并相互磨擦，因此密封面容易磨损，闸阀处于接近关闭时，管道前后压差很大，使密封面磨损更加严重。

Gate valves can rely on the pressure of the medium to tightly seal with the sealing surface, thereby achieving the effect of no leakage. When opening and closing, the sealing surfaces of the valve core and valve seat are always in contact and rub against each other, so the sealing surface is prone to wear. When the gate valve is close to closing, the pressure difference between the front and rear of the pipeline is large, which makes the sealing surface wear more severely.

闸阀的结构会比截止阀更复杂，从外形来看，同口径情况下，闸阀要比截止阀高，截止阀要比闸阀长。另外，闸阀还有明杆和暗杆之分。截止阀没有。

The structure of a gate valve is more complex than that of a globe valve. In terms of appearance, for the same diameter, a gate valve is taller and a globe valve is longer than a gate valve. In addition, gate valves can be divided into open stem and concealed stem. There is no shut-off valve.

02工作原理

02 Working principle

截止阀在做开启关闭时，是上升阀杆式的，也就是说转动手轮，手轮会跟着阀杆一起做旋转和升降运动。闸阀是转动手轮，使阀杆做升降运动，手轮本身位置不变。

When the globe valve is opened and closed, it is of the rising stem type, which means that when the handwheel is turned, it will rotate and move up and down along with the stem. The gate valve rotates the handwheel to make the valve stem move up and down, while the handwheel itself remains in the same position.

流量各不相同，闸阀要求全开或者全关，而截止阀则不需要。截止阀有规定进口和出口方向，闸阀没有进出口方向要求。

The flow rate varies, and gate valves require full opening or full closing, while globe valves do not. Globe valves have specified inlet and outlet directions, while gate valves do not have requirements for inlet and outlet directions.

另外，闸阀只有全开或全关两种状态，闸板启闭的行程很大，启闭时间长。截止阀的阀板运动行程要小得多，并且截止阀的阀板可以在运动中停在某一处，做流量调节使用。而闸阀是只能做截断使用，没有其他功能。

In addition, gate valves only have two states: fully open or fully closed. The stroke of the gate valve opening and closing is large, and the opening and closing time is long. The movement stroke of the valve plate of the globe valve is much smaller, and the valve plate of the globe valve can stop at a certain position during movement for flow regulation. However, gate valves can only be used for cutoff purposes and have no other functions.

03性能区别

03 Performance Differences

截止阀既可以做截断使用，可以做流量调节使用。截止阀的流体阻力比较大，启闭时比较费力，但因为阀板距离密封面距离短，所以启闭行程短。

Globe valves can be used for both shut-off and flow regulation purposes. The fluid resistance of the globe valve is relatively high, making it difficult to open and close. However, due to the short distance between the valve plate and the sealing surface, the opening and closing stroke is short.

闸阀因为只能全开和全关，它在完全打开时，阀体通道内的介质流动阻力几乎为0，所以闸阀的启闭会非常省力，但闸板距离密封面距离远，启闭时间长。

Gate valves can only be fully opened and fully closed. When fully opened, the flow resistance of the medium in the valve body channel is almost zero, so the opening and closing of gate valves is very effortless. However, the distance between the gate plate and the sealing surface is far, and the opening and closing time is long.

04安装和流向

04 Installation and Flow Direction

闸阀流向两个方向效果都一样，安装没有进出口方向的要求，介质可以双向流通。截止阀则需要严格按照阀体箭头标识的方向进行安装，关于截止阀进出口方向还有个明文规定，我国阀门“三化给”规定截止阀的流向一律采用自上而下。

The gate valve has the same effect in both directions, and there is no requirement for inlet and outlet directions during installation. The medium can flow in both directions. The globe valve needs to be installed strictly in the direction indicated by the arrow on the valve body. There is also a clear regulation regarding the inlet and outlet directions of the globe valve. According to the "Three Modernizations" policy for valves in China, the flow direction of the globe valve must be from top to bottom.

截止阀是低进高出，从外观看有明显的管道不在一相水平线上。闸阀流道在一个水平线上。闸阀的行程比截止阀的要大。

The shut-off valve has a low inlet and high outlet, and from the appearance, there is a clear indication that the pipeline is not on the same horizontal line. The gate valve channel is on a horizontal line. The stroke of a gate valve is larger than that of a globe valve.

从流阻的角度看在全开时闸阀流阻小，载止阀流阻大。普通闸阀的流动阻力系数约为0.08~0.12，开启关闭力小，介质可以两个方向流动。普通截止阀流动阻力是闸阀的3-5倍。启闭时需强制关闭才能达到密封，截止阀的阀芯是在完全关闭时才接触密封面，因而密封面的磨损很小，由于流动主力大需加执行器的截止阀应当注意转矩控制机构调整。

From the perspective of flow resistance, when fully open, the gate valve has a smaller flow resistance, while the load check valve has a larger flow resistance. The flow resistance coefficient of ordinary gate valves is about 0.08~0.12, with low opening and closing force, and the medium can flow in two directions. The flow resistance of a regular globe valve is 3-5 times that of a gate valve. When opening and closing, it is necessary to force the valve to close in order to achieve sealing. The valve core of the shut-off valve only contacts the sealing surface when it is completely closed, so the wear of the sealing surface is very small. Due to the large flow force, the shut-off valve with an actuator should pay attention to adjusting the torque control mechanism.

截止阀在安装时有两种方式，一种是介质可以从阀芯的下方进入，优点是当阀门关闭时盘根不受压力，可以延长盘根的使用寿命，并可以在阀前管道承压的情况下，进行更换盘根的工作；缺点是阀门的驱动转矩较大，是上方流进的1倍左右，阀杆受的轴向力大，阀杆容易弯曲。

There are two installation methods for globe valves. One is that the medium can enter from below the valve core. The advantage is that when the valve is closed, the packing is not under pressure, which can extend the service life of the packing and replace it when the pipeline in front of the valve is under pressure; The disadvantage is that the driving torque of the valve is relatively large, about twice that of the upper flow, and the axial force on the valve stem is large, making the valve stem prone to bending.

所以此方式一般只适用于小口径截止阀(DN50以下)，DN200以上的截止阀都选用介质从上方流入的方式。（电动截止阀一般是采用介质从上方进入的方式。）介质从上方进入方式的缺点正好与下方进入方式相反。

So this method is generally only applicable to small-diameter globe valves (below DN50), while globe valves above DN200 use the method of medium flowing in from above. Electric globe valves generally use the method of medium entering from above. The disadvantage of medium entering from above is exactly opposite to that of entering from below.

05密封上

05 Sealing on

截止阀的密封面是阀心的一个小梯形侧面（具体看阀心的形状），一旦阀心脱落，相当于阀门关闭（如果压差大，当然关不严，不过止逆效果还不错），闸阀是靠阀心闸板的侧面来密封，密封效果不如截止阀，阀心脱落也不会像截止阀那样相当于阀门关闭。|

The sealing surface of a globe valve is a small trapezoidal side of the valve core (depending on the shape of the valve core). Once the valve core falls off, it is equivalent to the valve closing (if the pressure difference is large, of course, it cannot be closed tightly, but the check effect is still good). Gate valves rely on the side of the valve core gate to seal, and the sealing effect is not as good as globe valves. The valve core falling off will not be equivalent to the valve closing like globe valves. |

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