减压阀、安全阀、稳压阀、泄压阀都属于压力阀门，主要是功能上的区别。

　　Pressure reducing valves, safety valves, pressure stabilizing valves, and pressure relief valves all belong to pressure valves, and the main difference lies in their functions.

　　减压阀是将压力高的介质降为压力低的介质的设备，该阀的特点，是在进口压力不断变化的情况下，保持出口听压力和温度值在一定的范围内。

　　A pressure reducing valve is a device that reduces high-pressure media to low-pressure media. The characteristic of this valve is to maintain the outlet pressure and temperature values within a certain range while the inlet pressure is constantly changing.

　　安全阀用以防止锅炉、压力容器等设备或管道因超压而发生损坏的阀门。当压力略高于正常工作压力时，安全阀自动开启，使压力下降。当压力略低于正常工作压力时，安全阀自动关闭，停止排放流体并保持密封。

　　A safety valve is a valve used to prevent damage to equipment or pipelines such as boilers and pressure vessels due to overpressure. When the pressure is slightly higher than the normal working pressure, the safety valve automatically opens, causing the pressure to decrease. When the pressure is slightly lower than the normal working pressure, the safety valve automatically closes, stops discharging fluid, and maintains sealing.

　　泄压阀主要是用在压力过大的场合，当压力大于设定值时阀内片被顶开及时释放压力，压力减小后恢复到原来的位置，和安全阀区别不大，泄压阀多指用于液体的，安全阀多指用于气体，蒸汽的。

　　Pressure relief valves are mainly used in situations where the pressure is too high. When the pressure exceeds the set value, the inner plate of the valve is pushed open to release the pressure in a timely manner. After the pressure decreases, it returns to its original position. It is not much different from safety valves. Pressure relief valves are mostly used for liquids, while safety valves are mostly used for gases and vapors.

　　稳压阀是将一个区域内的介质保持在一定的压力范围的设备。和减压阀的区别：减压阀：无论进口压力如何变化，都把出口压力减到额定值，起到减压作用。稳压阀：无论下游压力和需求量如何变化，都维持一个恒定的上游压力。

　　A pressure regulator valve is a device that maintains the medium within a certain pressure range in an area. Difference from pressure reducing valve: Pressure reducing valve: Regardless of changes in inlet pressure, it reduces the outlet pressure to the rated value, playing a role in reducing pressure. Pressure regulator valve: maintains a constant upstream pressure regardless of changes in downstream pressure and demand.

　　安全阀及减压阀是两种阀门类型，是专用阀门。其中，安全阀属于安全泄发装置，是专用阀门，只在工作压力超过允许范围时动作，对系统起到保护作用。减压阀属于工艺阀门，可使高压物流减压，以满足后系统对压力的要求，其工作过程是连续的。

　　Safety valves and pressure reducing valves are two types of valves that are specialized valves. Among them, the safety valve belongs to the safety relief device and is a specialized valve that only operates when the working pressure exceeds the allowable range, providing protection to the system. Pressure reducing valves are process valves that can reduce the pressure of high-pressure logistics to meet the pressure requirements of the downstream system. Their working process is continuous.

　　减压阀设计标准表

　　Design Standard Table for Pressure Reducing Valve

　　标准代号标准名称JIS B3372-1982压缩空气用减压阀JIS B8410-1990水道用减压阀GB/T 10868-1989电站减温减压阀技术条件GB/T 12244-1989减压阀一般条件GB/T 12245-1989减压阀西能试验方法GT/T 12246-1989先导式减压阀GB/T 3656-1994水减压阀GB/T 3656-1994船用空气减压阀ASTM F1370-1992船用给水系统减压阀JB/T 53265-1994先导式减压阀产品质量分等AWWA C511-1992减压防回流阀门组件

　　Standard code standard name JIS B3372-1982 Pressure reducing valves for compressed air JIS B8410-1990 Pressure reducing valves for waterways GB/T 10868-1989 Technical conditions for power plant temperature and pressure reducing valves GB/T 12244-1989 General conditions for pressure reducing valves GB/T 12245-1989 Pressure reducing valves Western energy test method GT/T 12246-1989 Pilot operated pressure reducing valves GB/T 3656-1994 Water pressure reducing valves GB/T 3656-1994 Marine air pressure reducing valves ASTM F1370-1992 Marine water supply system pressure reducing valves JB/T 53265-1994 Pilot operated pressure reducing valves Product quality grading AWWA C511-1992 Pressure reducing and anti backflow valve components

　　减压阀工作原理

　　Working principle of pressure reducing valve

　　序号名称工作原理

　　Number Name Working Principle

　　1直接作用薄膜式减压阀出口侧压力增加，薄膜向上运动，阀开度减小，流速增加，压降则该拿大，阀后压力减小，出口侧压下降。薄膜向下运动，阀开度增大，流速减小，压降减少，阀后压增大。阀后的出口压力始终保持由整定调节螺钉整定的恒压。

　　When the pressure on the outlet side of the direct action membrane pressure reducing valve increases, the membrane moves upward, the valve opening decreases, the flow rate increases, and the pressure drop should be increased. The pressure behind the valve decreases, and the pressure on the outlet side decreases. The film moves downwards, the valve opening increases, the flow rate decreases, the pressure drop decreases, and the pressure behind the valve increases. The outlet pressure behind the valve is always maintained at a constant pressure set by the adjusting screw.

　　2直接作用波纹管式减压阀出口侧压力增加，波纹管向上运动，阀开度减小，流速增加，压降则该拿大，阀后压力减小，出口侧压下降。波纹管向下运动，阀开度增大，流速减小，压降减少，阀后压增大。阀后的出口压力始终保持由整定调节螺钉整定的恒压。

　　When the pressure on the outlet side of the bellows pressure reducing valve increases, the bellows moves upward, the valve opening decreases, the flow rate increases, and the pressure drop should be increased. The pressure behind the valve decreases, and the pressure on the outlet side decreases. The bellows moves downwards, the valve opening increases, the flow rate decreases, the pressure drop decreases, and the pressure behind the valve increases. The outlet pressure behind the valve is always maintained at a constant pressure set by the adjusting screw.

　　3先导活塞式减压阀拧动调节螺钉，顶开导阀阀瓣，介质从进口侧进入活塞上方，由于活塞面积大于主阀瓣面积，推动活塞向下移动，使主阀打开，有阀后压力平衡调节弹簧的压力改变导阀的开度，从而改变活塞上方的压力，控制主阀瓣的开度，使阀后的压力保持恒定。

　　The 3-pilot piston type pressure reducing valve rotates the adjusting screw, opens the valve disc, and the medium enters the upper part of the piston from the inlet side. Due to the piston area being larger than the main valve disc area, the piston is pushed downwards to open the main valve. The pressure of the pressure balance adjusting spring behind the valve changes the opening of the pilot valve, thereby changing the pressure above the piston and controlling the opening of the main valve disc to maintain a constant pressure behind the valve.

　　4先导薄膜式减压阀工作原理同上。薄膜上腔的压力由旁路调节阀控制。

　　The working principle of the 4-position diaphragm pressure reducing valve is the same as above. The pressure in the upper chamber of the membrane is controlled by a bypass regulating valve.

　　5先导薄膜式减压阀当调节弹簧处于自由状态时，主阀和导阀都是关闭的。顺时针转动手轮时，导阀膜片向下顶开导阀，介质经过导阀流至主膜片上方，从而推动主阀，使主阀开启，介质流向出口，同时进入导阀膜片的下方，出口压力上升至与所调弹簧力保持平衡。如出口压力增高，导阀膜片则向上移动，导阀开度减小。同时进入主膜片下方介质流量减小，压力下降，出口压力降低达到新的平衡，反之亦然。

　　When the regulating spring is in a free state, both the main valve and the pilot valve are closed. When the handwheel is turned clockwise, the pilot valve diaphragm pushes downwards to open the pilot valve, and the medium flows through the pilot valve to above the main diaphragm, thereby pushing the main valve to open. The medium flows towards the outlet and enters below the pilot valve diaphragm, and the outlet pressure rises to maintain balance with the adjusted spring force. If the outlet pressure increases, the pilot valve diaphragm moves upward and the pilot valve opening decreases. At the same time, the flow rate of the medium entering below the main diaphragm decreases, the pressure drops, and the outlet pressure drops to reach a new equilibrium, and vice versa.

　　6组合式减压阀减压阀由主阀，导阀、截止阀组成。当调节弹簧处于自由状态时，主阀和导阀呈关闭状态。拧动调节螺钉，由介质推开导阀，同时进入主阀橡胶薄膜腔室与调节弹簧的压力保持平衡，进入主阀橡胶薄膜腔室，使橡胶膜片向上，主阀打开，介质流向出口（此时截止阀打开，保持腔室一定的压力），出口介质再反馈至橡胶薄膜上方腔室和导阀下方腔室。当出口压力增高时，导阀的膜片上移，导阀开度减少，使腔室的介质压力下降，同时腔室压力下降，主阀橡胶薄膜下移，主阀的开度减小，出口压力下降，达到新的平衡；反之亦然。

　　The combined pressure reducing valve consists of a main valve, a pilot valve, and a globe valve. When the regulating spring is in a free state, the main valve and the pilot valve are in a closed state. Turn the adjusting screw to push the pilot valve open by the medium, while entering the rubber film chamber of the main valve to maintain balance with the pressure of the adjusting spring. Enter the rubber film chamber of the main valve, make the rubber film upward, open the main valve, and the medium flows towards the outlet (at this time, the shut-off valve opens to maintain a certain pressure in the chamber). The outlet medium is then fed back to the chamber above the rubber film and the chamber below the pilot valve. When the outlet pressure increases, the diaphragm of the pilot valve moves upward, the opening of the pilot valve decreases, causing the medium pressure in the chamber to decrease. At the same time, the chamber pressure decreases, and the rubber diaphragm of the main valve moves downward, causing the opening of the main valve to decrease and the outlet pressure to decrease, reaching a new equilibrium; Vice versa.

　　7杠杆式减压阀这时通过杠杆上的重锤平衡压力的减压阀。其动作原理：当杠杆处于自由状态时，双阀座的阀瓣和阀座处于关闭状态。在进口压力作用下，向上推开阀瓣，出口端形成压力，通过杠杆上的平衡重锤，调整重要传达到所需出口压力。当出口压力超过给定压力时，由于介质压力作用于上阀座上的力比作用于下阀座上的力大，形成一定压差，使阀瓣向下移动，减小节流面积，出口压力亦随之下降，达到新的平衡；反之亦然。

　　A 7-lever pressure reducing valve is a pressure reducing valve that balances pressure through a heavy hammer on the lever. Its operating principle: When the lever is in a free state, the double seat valve disc and seat are in a closed state. Under the influence of import pressure, the valve disc is pushed upwards to create pressure at the outlet end, which is adjusted to the desired outlet pressure through the balance weight on the lever. When the outlet pressure exceeds the given pressure, due to the greater force of the medium pressure acting on the upper valve seat than on the lower valve seat, a certain pressure difference is formed, causing the valve disc to move downward, reducing the throttling area, and the outlet pressure also decreases, reaching a new equilibrium; Vice versa.

　　8先导波纹管式减压阀结构原理同先导活塞式减压阀。

　　The structural principle of the 8-pilot bellows pressure reducing valve is the same as that of the pilot piston pressure reducing valve.